Discovering Slip-Stitch Lace

    Is it possible to make lace using only slip-stitches? 

 

It's not a silly question! When making traditional crochet lace we do so using a combination of tall stitches, crossed stitches, clusters and chain. Most of these things are not possible with slip-stitches alone. Whether you go with Back Loop Only or Front Loop Only or inverse stitches, all traditional Slip-stitches are very short in height. (I talked about all these stitches here.)

How shall I begin?

I assume that we could learn something from knitted lace but, having forgotten the little I ever knew about knitting, I must set out to find the solution on my own. 

I think I should start by choosing a flat, fairly open but simple stitch. So I am choosing to work in the front loop only pattern, known as garter stitch.

 

Using only these shallow stitches how shall I make lace? It seems sensible to use chain to create holes in the fabric. My first experiment is made of alternating rows and Chain2 loops.

    Row1. Slst into back bump of foundation chain across. Turn.

    Row2. (3Flo, Chain2, Skip2) repeat across row ending 3Flo. Turn.

    Row3. (3Flo, Slipst under 2loops of chain x2) repeat across row ending 3Flo. Turn.

    Rows2&3 are repeated.

While the swatch looks quite different to the original It doesn't look much like lace!

 

The obvious solution seems to be to make bigger holes. I also chose to stagger the holes, instead of placing them one on top of the other as in the last swatch. Here is what I did.

    Row1. Slst into back bump of foundation chain across. Turn.

    Row2. 4Flo, (Chain3, Skip 3 sts, 3Flo) repeat across row ending 4Flo instead of 3Flo. Turn.

    Row3. 1Flo, (Chain3, Skip3, Slipst under 2loops of chain x3) repeat across row ending 1Flo. Turn.

    Row4. 1Flo, (Slipst under 2loops of chain x3, Chain3, Skip3) repeat across row ending 1Flo. Turn.

    Rows3&4 are repeated.

I think this fabric is very successful except the beginning and end of the rows, probably Rows2&4 should begin and end with a taller stitch. 

I remade the sample with a Flo Half Treble (Hdc-US) or Chain2 at the ends of Rows2&4 replacing the first Flo.

 

Simplifying that stitch into simple chain loops, I've ended up with this.

    Into foundation chain:

    Row1. 3Flo (Chain3, Skip3, 1Flo) repeat across row ending 3Flo. Turn.

    Row2. (1Flo, Chain3, Skip3) repeat across ending 1Flo. Turn.

    Rows1&2 are repeated.

Once again, I think Row2 should begin with a taller stitch, so, I had to check that out and began and ended Row2 with a Flo Half Treble or Chain2.

 

There is one more slip-stitch that I discovered recently, that is the 'Yarn Over Slip-stitch'. Quite literally you yarn over the hook before placing the hook into the stitch, catch the yarn and pull through all the loops on the hook. This has a little extra height.

    Row1. Slst into back bump of foundation chain across. Turn.

    Row2&3. (1Flo Yoslst, Chain3, Skip3) repeat across ending 1Flo YoSlst.

    Row4. Slipst under 2loops of each chain across.

    Row5. Flo of each stitch across.

    Repeat Rows2to5.

Now that is more interesting!

Can I use spike stitches to open up the fabric?

After some unsuccessful experiments I offer this. 

    Row1. Working into the back bump of foundation chain; 

    (3Slst, Chain5, Skip5) repeat across ending 3Slst. Turn.

    Row2. (3Flo, Chain2, Slst by placing the hook under the centre of chain5-loop, Chain2) repeat across. Turn.

    Row3. (3Flo, Chain5, Skip5) repeat across. Turn.

    Repeat Rows2&3 ending on Row2.

  

There are some more open-work stitch combinations which we might consider 'lacy', like this one which is Back loop only, Inverse Back Loop only repeated over an even number of stitches.

I thought I would work that between rows of Front loop only in order to contrast the more open rows with the solid ones.

I worked over an even number of stitches;

    Row1&2. Flo across the row. Turn.

    Row3&4. (Blo, InverseBlo) repeated across the row. 

    repeat Rows1to4.

The result also has two sides which both give a different effect. 

 

Perhaps it would work better with a larger hook and an additional row of Blo,iBlo. This swatch has 3 rows of Flo and 3 rows of (Blo, iBlo).

 

I'm very happy with that, whether you consider it to be lace or not is a matter of debate!

 

After talking over the problem with Anna MmatildasVirstad, it occurred to me that it might be possible to Yarn Over the hook more than once. 

This swatch shows 4 rows of Flo Slst made into a chain foundation row;

4 rows of Flo YarnOver Slst;

4 rows of Flo Double YarnOver Slst;

4 rows of Flo Treble YarnOver Slst.

 

I remade the very first deep blue swatch, replacing all the Slst with Double Yarn Over Slst, the spaces are chain2. I wrapped the yarn twice around the hook before making the Slip-stitch as usual. The fabric is quite thick but also soft.

 

Anna then reminded me that with a big enough hook and the right kind of 'yarn' any slip-stitch pattern becomes lace. Consider something stiff like paper or raffia. Alternatively, perhaps cotton, linen, jute or hemp and some heavy starch. Below I have used a cotton/jute mix yarn and worked Back-loop only in the round.

To see Slip-stitch crochet as you/I have never imagined it before, I tried working with a 28gauge copper beading wire and worked Front-loop only in the round.

Thank you for your help and inspiration Anna!

 

So, what do you think? I remain convinced that there are other solutions. What did I miss? What else could I try? I eagerly await some clues to unlock this mystery!

fastening off...

    

Double Helix Mat

     

    If you've been reading my recent blog posts you will know that I have been on a mission to make some machine-washable rugs. Now I do like a circular rug, don't you? But here's the problem, how do you make a circular shape using only slip-stitches? How many increases do you use? How do you increase using slip-stitches? These are the kind of questions that used to keep me awake at night, but not any more! Let me tell you how I found the solutions.  

    Although slip-stitch crochet is sometimes referred to as Shepherd's knitting or Bosnian crochet it is one of the oldest types of crochet and appears all over the world. So, I was surprised to find very little information to solve my problems. Faced with this wasteland of knowledge there is only one thing to do and that is to get out the hooks and yarn and start crocheting.

        Let's cut through lots and lots of swatching and tell you what I did! I started with a 'reverse slip-knot'. Just in case you haven't met this useful trick before, you simply hold the yarn the opposite way round when forming the knot. So hold the tail end in the hand which normally holds the working yarn and make the knot. By doing this you can tighten your first stitch by pulling on the tail.

    Next I made six chains. Six, it turns out, is the number of increases we need per round and working in a continuous spiral turned out to be the easiest way to go. So, I don't join the stitches into a ring.

   Back Loop Slip-stitch is the easiest type of slip stitch to use, so let's go with that! Making two slip stitches in the same stitch is how I made the increases. It feels odd but it is the secret behind the swirl. So, for round two I made two Slip-stitches into the back loop of each chain. Now I can tighten the tail of that slip-knot to reduce the size of the first chain. It helps to form the start of the spiral and close up the centre of the rug.

 

    As you know if I place my increases as per the standard formula I will end up with a hexagon. I showed you another solution back in November last year. It's better but after a while it gives you a Dodecagon, a 12 sided polygon. I am not great with maths and I cannot even begin to work out this conundrum. My brain simply refuses to work in such an abstract way. I need to physically see the problem and then I have a brain wave. I start thinking about Spirograph. I could imagine that instead of allowing the increases to stack up on top of each other I merely needed to move them one increment, one notch, one stitch to the right. It may not be THE perfect solution but what it gave me was quite unexpected. 

It helps to use a stitch-marker at the start of each round so that you know when you have reached the end of that round. I've added a chart of the first few rounds to the pattern, so that you can see what it is you are doing. Slip-stitches are usually written as dots in crochet charts. It makes Slip-stitch patterns very difficult to read, so I have drawn them as 'l' and 'V' for increases.

    You can follow the pattern for as many rounds as you wish. When you are two rounds away from your chosen size you need to do something different. Those increases leave a little bump on the final round which we need to smooth out. So, on the penultimate round I recommend that you work an even round of slip-stitches without any increases.

I like to work an edging row to properly finish off my rugs and mats. For the final round I find that 'inverse Back Loop' stitches work really well. I am finally beginning to understand how these intriguing slip-stitches work so I think I need to explain the physics to you as they are quite different to normal crochet stitches.

    A standard crochet stitch has a vertical stem and the top of the stitch sits horizontally on the top, just like the little symbol we use to identify it. But the slip stitch has no stem so the top of the stitch falls to the front of the work. It also means that the last round you've made sits bunched up on the previous round until the a new round is made. It means that the work begins to curl. The solution is the inverse stitch where the top of the stitch falls to the back of the work. Here's how to work the inverse back loop stitch...  

Bring the working yarn to the front of the work...

Insert the hook through the back loop, from back to front...

Yarn under the hook and pull through both the stitch and the loop on the hook.

    All difficulties are now solved. Using the same Super chunky rug yarn from Woolyknit that I used in my last rugs but this time with a smaller 12mm hook I was able to make 43 rounds with increases, followed by the even round and finished on the 45th round with inverse back loop stitches. It all sounds terribly easy doesn't it? But, even as I needle joined my last stitch I still had my heart in my mouth. It wasn't entirely flat. After washing I laid out every single blocking mat I had and relying on my new found belief in the physics of slip-stitches I blocked the rug. I realised that I had to increase the diameter of the rug to match it's circumference. I stretched the rug out from the centre to open up those bunched up rounds, until the rug lay flat and round.

    I am sharing the pattern with you so that you can play with the design. It doesn't have to be a rug, it could be anything from a coaster to a cushion cover. It does need to be made in a block-able fabric and you will have to work out what hook size works best for your yarn. I have given you over 50 rounds, I am confident that you will see how to add even more rounds if you wish. Don't forget to make the final two rounds without increases.

    Here's the link to the PDF pattern.

Fastening off...